11 ISM AND IJL, AN INTERNATIONAL, A DECO & A DADA
This theme is about the rise of the various art movements. Because of the rise of mass culture output and sharing of information, art was diverging. Many differing art movements were beginning to rise, and take place in very close proximity. This results in many differing art forms and interpretations. Most of these art movements names have "ism" behind their name, with very few not having that. Thus the name of the theme.
Historical Context
The 20th century was an age of progress, and an age of war and worldwide change. This was a time of movements, revolutions, and scientific progress. This was not without major times of strife, as some of the most brutal wars of any time were fought during the early 20th century.
Early in the 20th century, major problems arose. Conflicts became brutal mass killings and wars. New weapons and pessimistic outlooks on life evolved. The conflicts in unstable Europe were becoming global issues, with both world wars fought during the 19th century, resulting in mass killings and mass wars that resulted in the loss of life and, in the case of those who fought in the wars and survived, loss of mind.
Movements were picking up. Rising nationalism and increasing national awareness caused many problems, such as WWI, and these conflicts created new countries and affected the culture output of this time. Economic and political aftermath of the first world war resulted in a great depression in the 1930's and led to the rise of fascism and nazism in Europe. This depression and aftermath eventually led to the second world war, in which millions of people lost their lives, whether in conflict, or in a genocidal holocaust.
Civil rights movements in the U.S challenged the culture of the nation, and the segregation of the races, as well as the rights of the sexes. These civil rights movements led to mass output of culture, such as music, art, as well as other forms. These movements constituted major change in the culture of the U.S, and was a very big deal for the common people living there.
Civil rights and equality for females was beginning to take root, as more developments in medicine led to more contraception control, females gained more individuality and independence.
The world wars created a general attitude of pessimism, contrasting the positive and optimistic outlook of the earlier time periods before the wars. This had a massive impact on the culture of the time, as well as today. This highly influenced the art of the time as well, with less focus on a better world, and more on personal expression of what they see around them, as well as art that may make the viewer feel uncomfortable or play with emotions.
Art movements of this time include Fauvism, Cubism, Futurism, Constructivism, Precisionism, Expressionism, DaDa, Surrealism, Regionalism, Muralists, Modern Photography, and Modern Architecture. Fauvism was a loose group of Modern Artists whose works emphasized extremely strong color in unrealistic fashion over normal use of color in representation or realistic ways. Cubism was another movement that was highly focused on representation of three-dimensional form and geometric representation of objects and figures. Futurism was a movement that associated itself with concepts of the future, like technology and scientific discovery, with art works being abstract and using shapes subjects that would be considered futuristic. Constructivism was another movement that was a major rejection of the normal practice of art, and originated from Russia during its revolutionary stage.
Precisionism was a modern-art movement from the U.S and a major contribution to the rise of Modernism. It celebrated the new American landscape of factories, bridges, and massive skyscrapers, and often portrayed these objects in their artwork. It was highly influenced by Cubism and Futurism, and mainly covered the modernization of the American landscape, in a precise, sharply defined, geometric form. Expressionism was a modern movement originating in Germany, and focused on personal expression of the artist who made the artwork. DaDa was an art movement with a major avant-garde emphasis on what art is. Surrealism was a movement that was rooted in the psychological developments of the early 20th century, and often played with the viewers by featuring elements of surprise and oddity. Regionalism was an american realist art movement that was widely liked for its images of the American heartland. Muralism, known as Mexican muralism, was the promotion of mural painting, and was generally rooted in the Mexican Revolution. Modern Photography was the beginnings of the innovations and changes to happen to the photographer's medium, and Modern Architecture the beginnings of the design of what we know today as modern buildings.
Early in the 20th century, major problems arose. Conflicts became brutal mass killings and wars. New weapons and pessimistic outlooks on life evolved. The conflicts in unstable Europe were becoming global issues, with both world wars fought during the 19th century, resulting in mass killings and mass wars that resulted in the loss of life and, in the case of those who fought in the wars and survived, loss of mind.
Movements were picking up. Rising nationalism and increasing national awareness caused many problems, such as WWI, and these conflicts created new countries and affected the culture output of this time. Economic and political aftermath of the first world war resulted in a great depression in the 1930's and led to the rise of fascism and nazism in Europe. This depression and aftermath eventually led to the second world war, in which millions of people lost their lives, whether in conflict, or in a genocidal holocaust.
Civil rights movements in the U.S challenged the culture of the nation, and the segregation of the races, as well as the rights of the sexes. These civil rights movements led to mass output of culture, such as music, art, as well as other forms. These movements constituted major change in the culture of the U.S, and was a very big deal for the common people living there.
Civil rights and equality for females was beginning to take root, as more developments in medicine led to more contraception control, females gained more individuality and independence.
The world wars created a general attitude of pessimism, contrasting the positive and optimistic outlook of the earlier time periods before the wars. This had a massive impact on the culture of the time, as well as today. This highly influenced the art of the time as well, with less focus on a better world, and more on personal expression of what they see around them, as well as art that may make the viewer feel uncomfortable or play with emotions.
Art movements of this time include Fauvism, Cubism, Futurism, Constructivism, Precisionism, Expressionism, DaDa, Surrealism, Regionalism, Muralists, Modern Photography, and Modern Architecture. Fauvism was a loose group of Modern Artists whose works emphasized extremely strong color in unrealistic fashion over normal use of color in representation or realistic ways. Cubism was another movement that was highly focused on representation of three-dimensional form and geometric representation of objects and figures. Futurism was a movement that associated itself with concepts of the future, like technology and scientific discovery, with art works being abstract and using shapes subjects that would be considered futuristic. Constructivism was another movement that was a major rejection of the normal practice of art, and originated from Russia during its revolutionary stage.
Precisionism was a modern-art movement from the U.S and a major contribution to the rise of Modernism. It celebrated the new American landscape of factories, bridges, and massive skyscrapers, and often portrayed these objects in their artwork. It was highly influenced by Cubism and Futurism, and mainly covered the modernization of the American landscape, in a precise, sharply defined, geometric form. Expressionism was a modern movement originating in Germany, and focused on personal expression of the artist who made the artwork. DaDa was an art movement with a major avant-garde emphasis on what art is. Surrealism was a movement that was rooted in the psychological developments of the early 20th century, and often played with the viewers by featuring elements of surprise and oddity. Regionalism was an american realist art movement that was widely liked for its images of the American heartland. Muralism, known as Mexican muralism, was the promotion of mural painting, and was generally rooted in the Mexican Revolution. Modern Photography was the beginnings of the innovations and changes to happen to the photographer's medium, and Modern Architecture the beginnings of the design of what we know today as modern buildings.